Premium valves use higher grade materials like 316 stainless steel or chrome plated brass for better corrosion resistance and durability. Other options include PTFE seats and silicone balls.

End connections for premium valves include threaded, socket weld, butt weld, and flanged in sizes from 1/4" to 2" for various applications. Sanitary tri-clamp connections are also available.

Pressure ratings reach up to 6000 psi with high temperature ratings around 800°F depending on the materials used. Always verify the manufacturer's pressure vs temperature chart.

A floating ball is not fixed to the stem but floats between two seats. This provides even sealing and prevents leak paths during thermal expansion.

Graphite in the ball dissipates static electricity that could otherwise ignite flammable fluids during flow. This adds safety.

PTFE, silicone, viton, and other resilient seal materials allow tight shut off even after thousands of cycles. Metal seats can also be found in high temperature designs.

For applications with very high differential pressures, a blow-out proof stem has upper and lower seals to prevent leaks if overpressure blows the stem upwards.

Locking mechanisms like padlocks, valve locks, or tamper-proof handles prevent unauthorised operation or accidental valve position changes.

100% testing involves leak checks, seal validation, and flow performance verification to ensure perfect functioning and no defects.

Look for ISO 9001, PED 97/23/EC or ATEX certifications that indicate quality manufacturing and safety compliance.